• 专利附录
  • 专利说明
  • 权利要求
  • 类似技术
  • 同族专利
  • 引用文献
  • 法律状态
  • 优先权
    • 专利摘要:
    In a lifting device for fish and other aquatic organisms to overcome the difference in level between the upper water and the underwater of a transverse structure in a watercourse, wherein the lifting device comprises a shaft structure (3) in which an upper opening (18) which can be closed with an upper water closure (2) opening into the upper water (1), and a lower opening (19) which can be closed with an underwater closure (14) and opens into the underwater (17), and in which a mesh basket (11) between a lower position and a upper position is movable, with a communicating with the upper water, with a shut-off (9) shut-off filling pipe (8) opens into the lower region of the shaft structure (3), there is also a connecting pipe between the upper water (1) and the shaft structure (3) (4), which leads to a turbine (5) and from the turbine (5) to the shaft structure (3), wherein the junction of the connecting pipe (4) in d The manhole structure (3) is at least partially opposite the lower opening (19) and the connecting pipe (4) can be throttled and shut off by a closure member (7).
    公开号:AT515291A4
    申请号:T621/2014
    申请日:2014-08-05
    公开日:2015-08-15
    发明作者:
    申请人:Pelikan Bernhard；
    IPC主号:
    专利说明:

    The invention relates to a lifting device for fish and other aquatic organisms to overcome the difference in level between the upper water and the underwater of a transverse structure in a watercourse, wherein the lifting device has a shaft structure in which a closable with a top seal upper opening which opens into the upper water, and a bottom opening closable with a bottom water stopper opening into the underwater, and in which a mesh basket is movable between a bottom position and an upper position, wherein a fill pipe communicating with the upper water and closeable with a shut-off member enters the lower portion of the Manhole structure opens.
    The upper water can be in the form of a natural or artificial river bed or even an upper water channel. Likewise, the underwater may be a natural or artificial river bed or a bottom water channel.
    As a consequence of the European Water Framework Directive, all waters (standing and fluent) have to be put into a "good state", to be judged according to different criteria, within different deadlines. One of the criteria is the so-called river continuum. Fish and other aquatic organisms must therefore be able to move freely and unrestrictedly in the aquatic environment.
    For very different reasons, however, in most at least European streams, cross structures (weirs, ramps, walls, dams) were erected to interrupt this continuum of water. In order to achieve the objectives defined in the European Water Framework Directive, it is necessary to construct structural measures at these transversal structures in flowing waters, which allow the potentially occurring fish and benthic fauna in the water to overcome these obstacles.
    Over the past decades, a large number of technical solutions have been developed and tested, as well as optimized in their function. These solutions can be divided into the following groups:
    Near-natural bypass channel
    Such channels are modeled in terms of cross-section and gradient of a natural stream. They are relatively low-priced and require considerable space.
    Technical basin structures
    Such systems are usually made in concrete, sometimes in wood and consist of a sequence of individual basins, which subdivide the entire height difference in part height insurmountable in the order of 10 to 20 cm. Currently the scientifically recognized representative of this group is the vertical slot passport.
    Fish lifting equipment (for example fish lifts)
    This group consists of fish locks and fish lifts. They were developed in particular to overcome large differences in height. The distribution is rather low, as the functionality has not been proven in general.
    Fish locks work much like ship locks. The lock chamber is delimited by closures located on the top and bottom sides. The lock chamber is cyclically filled or emptied again, allowing the fish to pass.
    Fish lifts work much like passenger lifts. Water-filled containers are mechanically raised from low to higher levels.
    Both systems have similar "weak spots", in particular the movement of the fish, which must swim into cyclic open or closed bodies of water or must swim out of them again.
    The lifting device described above belongs to the third group and carries features of both a fish lock and a fish lift. The operation is basically similar to a lock intermittently and not continuously. However, the system also uses an element of the fish lift in the form of a movable mesh basket.
    In known devices of this type, there are difficulties in causing the fish to swim in the basket in its lower position and to float out of the basket in its upper position. Furthermore, the energy of the water in the device is not used.
    The object of the present invention is to improve these devices, to activate the advantages of the two systems or to remedy functional deficiencies.
    The object is achieved in that in a device of the type described above between the upper water and the manhole further comprises a connecting pipe which leads to a turbine and from the turbine to the shaft structure, wherein the junction of the connecting pipe in the shaft structure at least partially the lower opening is opposite and the connecting tube can be throttled and shut off by a closure member. Thus, with the underwater closure open, water from the upper water can flow through the turbine into and through the shaft structure and the mesh basket in its lower position into the underwater and create a lock flow for the fish, which thus swim into the mesh basket. At the same time energy is gained by the water flow through the turbine. By means of the closure member, the amount of water flowing through the manhole structure can be controlled and the luff flow can be optimized.
    The size of the plant is individual and adaptable to the size of the water body or the fish population. Taking into account all the findings on the construction of conventional fish migration aids, as summarized in various "guides", it should be possible to develop a modular concept that is expected to have three to four sizes and meet all the requirements of European waters in relation to their Fish fauna can do justice.
    The height of the transverse structure that can be overcome by this system is basically not limited - however, as the height increases, the operating cycles become longer. Furthermore, in the case of very large differences in altitude, for example in the area around 100 m, the fundamental question of the usefulness of such a migration system must be raised, since it will probably no longer be possible to connect similar water habitats with each other.
    In a preferred embodiment of the device according to the invention branches off from the connecting pipe downstream of the turbine and before the closure member from a closable bypass line to the underwater. Thus, the lock flow can be maintained with the shutter closed in the underwater, the turbine are fully utilized without interruption and continuously obtained energy. By means of the closure member in the connecting pipe and the obturator in the bypass line, the flow conditions can be adjusted with optimized lock flow and optimized energy production.
    In order to prevent the swimming of fish into the connecting pipe grid covers are attached at the junction of the connecting pipe from the upper water and at the junction of the connecting pipe in the shaft structure.
    In a particularly suitable embodiment, the filling tube opens in the shaft structure in a diffuser with a plurality of openings. As a result, the water is divided into many small water jets when filling the shaft structure and kept the irritation of the fish low.
    Preferably, the openings of the diffuser are directed towards the bottom of the manhole structure or to the side walls of the manhole structure, so that the water jets are not directed into the basket and the irritation of the fish can be further reduced.
    Advantageously, the diffuser is below the lower opening of the shaft structure.
    According to one embodiment, the mesh basket has a lattice-shaped upper wall, a lattice-shaped lower wall and at least one lattice-shaped lateral wall, wherein in the lateral latticed wall or the lateral latticed walls a Einschwimmöffnung, in the lower position of the mesh basket of the lower opening of the shaft structure opposite is located, and a Ausschwimmöffnung, which is located in the upper position of the grid basket of the upper opening of the shaft structure opposite, are provided. For example, can be completely open in a cuboid mesh basket two of the four side walls. Preferably, the openings match the dimensions of the lower opening and the upper opening of the shaft structure.
    Suitably, in the underwater in front of the lower opening of the shaft structure, a trapping device mounted to prevent floating out of the fish are already swam in the mesh basket.
    In the underwater near the lower opening, on the mesh basket or in the lower part of the shaft structure, one or more sensors may be mounted to determine the amount of fish present in the mesh basket. The presence of a certain amount of fish in the mesh basket then triggers the closing of the underwater closure, the filling of the shaft structure and thus the transport of the fish to the upper water. Alternatively, the transport may also take place at predetermined time intervals, which may be adjusted seasonally.
    Preferably, the shaft structure and the mesh basket have a rectangular, preferably square cross-section.
    According to an advantageous embodiment, the hydrostatic lift of the mesh basket maintains the same at or at the water surface in the well structure, i. The mesh basket floats on or just below the water surface and is raised by the rising water level when filling the shaft structure, so that no additional energy is needed for the transport of the mesh basket in the shaft structure to the upper opening. For a trouble-free transport of the mesh basket in the shaft structure of the mesh basket is guided on one or more rails in the shaft structure.
    According to a preferred embodiment of the device, in the shaft structure opposite the upper opening, an expelling device is provided with a lattice screen which can be displaced into and out of the lattice cage through the inflow opening of the lattice basket. Once the grid basket is in its upper position, the expelling device is activated and the grid screen drives the fish out of the basket into the upper water. This allows the mesh basket to be emptied more quickly, reliably and completely, and to be returned to its lower position more quickly.
    For this, the grid screen is e.g. mounted at the end of a mechanically, electrically, hydraulically or pneumatically actuated rod.
    Preferably, around the circumference of the grid screen mounted brushes ensure that no fish between the mesh basket and screen mesh are clamped.
    Now, the invention will be explained with reference to an embodiment of the invention shown in the accompanying drawings. The drawings show a lifting device according to the invention in Fig. 1 in a horizontal section and in FIGS. 2 to 5 each in a vertical section, wherein different phases of the transport process carried out with the device are shown. Fig. 6 shows an enlarged detail of the device when the mesh basket is in its upper position. Fig. 7 shows a possible embodiment of a mesh basket.
    The lifting device constructed on a foundation 16 consists inter alia of the following components:
    Upper water-side rectangular supply duct 1 in different widths, depending on the dimension of the shaft structure 3 and the size of the body of water
    Upper water closure 2 in the upstream side supply duct 1 preferably concreted shaft structure 3 (other building materials such as steel or wood are possible) with preferably rectangular (square) reasonably cross-section
    Connecting pipe 4 from the bottom of the supply duct 1 to the turbine 5 and from the turbine 5 in the shaft structure 3, in different dimensions depending on the size of the system, fine mesh cover of the connecting pipe 4 (1 cm mesh)
    Turbine 5, preferably unregulated Kaplan propeller turbine
    Shutter member turbine, e.g. Throttle 7 filling tube 8 for the shaft structure 3
    Bypass line 15 with obturator 6
    Grid basket 11, e.g. as a floating aluminum construction, grid above 21 and below 22, left and right 23, front and rear open 24, 25 (see Fig. 7)
    Diffuser 10, e.g. DN 200 to ensure a distributed, almost turbulence-free and uniform inflow into the shaft structure 3
    Underwater catch 14 for lower opening 19 of the shaft structure 3 (entry), preferably hydraulic discharge aid or expulsion device 13, 27, 26 of the mesh basket 11 guide rails 12 for the mesh basket 11 on the walls of the shaft structure. 3
    The function of the device is divided into the following phases:
    In the following the description of the phases in detail:
    Phase 1: Swimming the fish in the grid basket
    Phase 1 is shown in FIG. The basket 11 is in the lower position with its Einschwimmöffnung 24 opposite the lower opening 19 of the shaft structure 3 and is flowed through with a fixed flow. The water comes from the turbine 5. The inlet opening is closed with a mesh grid, mesh size 1 cm, so that the fish can not swim in the direction of turbine 5 on. The water that flows from the turbine 5 into and through the shaft structure 3 and the mesh basket 11 serves as a wake flow for the fish that swim between the guide walls 20 of the underwater channel 17 to and through the lower opening 19 and into the mesh basket 11.
    The duration of this phase is not fixed a priori, but can be determined depending on several factors. In all likelihood phases will be also seasonal, depending on "urge" to be different. The possibility of sensor control is also seen as a solution.
    In order to prevent leaving the mesh basket 11 in the direction of underwater, one or more trap openings (not shown) are arranged in the entry cross-section. Just there, the sensor control (also not shown) could attack.
    If there are a defined number of fish in the mesh basket 11 or after a predetermined period of time, this phase is ended by closing the underwater closure 14 of the shaft structure 3. At the same time, the water flow coming from the turbine 5 at the closure member, e.g. shut off a valve or throttle valve 7. In order to continue to operate the turbine 5, the bypass line 15 opens simultaneously. The lock flow in the underwater channel 17 is maintained.
    Phase 2: Fill the lock and raise the mesh basket
    Phase 2 is shown in FIG. During this phase, the shaft structure 3 is not flowed through. The filling of the manhole structure 3 takes place via a separate filling pipe 8 branching off from a headwater channel 1. This pipe is provided with a shut-off device, e.g. a throttle valve 9 or a valve closed. The filling of the
    Manhole structure 3 takes place from the chamber floor, on which a diffuser pipe 10 is laid and connected to the filling pipe 8. This diffuser pipe 10 consists of a perforated plastic pipe similar to a drainage pipe. As a result, the inflow spreads over a length approaching the circumference of the shaft bottom (for example, 7.5 m with a shaft dimension of 2 m × 2 m), and the sharp punctual inflow can thereby be avoided. An irritation of the fish in the mesh basket 11 is thereby hardly expected.
    The filling process takes several minutes. This means a water level increase at a speed of a few cm / s or an inflow of about 10% of the total doping. Since the pressure level during filling of the shaft structure 3 decreases continuously, the constant flow must be controlled by slowly opening the obturator 9 during the filling process.
    The end of this phase is reached when the mesh basket 11 has reached its highest position relative to the upper opening 18 of the shaft structure 3.
    Phase 3: Floating the fish
    Phase 3 is reproduced in FIGS. 4 and 6. To ensure that the fish lifted upwards actually leave the mesh basket 11, a hydraulically assisted basket emptying is carried out with an expelling device. This consists of the following components:
    Grid screen 26, mesh size 1 cm2
    Hydraulic cylinder 13, with piston and piston rod 27
    After the mesh basket 11 has reached the upper position, the upper water seal 2 opens and at the same time the piston rod 27 pushes the screen 26 slowly through the mesh basket 11 and thus the fish in the basket 11 in the direction of the upper channel 1. This process takes about 1 to 3 min , The feed speed is a few cm / s. After this "eviction" of the
    Grid basket 11 is completed, closes the upper water seal 2 and then moves the piston rod 27 back to its original position.
    In order to prevent pinching of small fish between the mesh screen 26 and the mesh basket 11, brushes 28 are mounted on the critical edges. The distance between the metal parts is a maximum of 1 cm.
    The advantage of this practice of eviction is also that the Auswimmphase is greatly shortened and the fish in the underwater therefore do not have to wait so long for the next Schleusungsvorgang. During this process, the basket 11 or the shaft structure 3 is not flowed through. This in order to avoid the entry of leaves and other Geschwemmsel, which may lead to a clogging of the grid and thus to a reduction of the flow in phase 1 under certain circumstances.
    Since the turbine 5 will be in continuous operation, the fish only have to overcome the distance between the upper water closure 2 and the inflow opening to the turbine 5. Next chimney upward prevails in the supply duct 1 again the lock flow. The overcoming of this short section is considered fish-ecological as uncritical.
    Phase 4: emptying the lock and lowering the mesh basket During the emptying phase (see FIG. 5) there are no fish in the mesh basket 11.
    The emptying takes place via the underwater shutter 14 of the shaft structure 3 which is, however, only partially opened. Also, this process is physically not stationary due to the sinking water level, so that the constant outflow from the shaft structure 3 is achieved by continuous opening of the underwater shutter 14. The emptying time is insensitive to the fish and can be done much faster than the filling process. It is provided depending on the height of the system an emptying time of several minutes. This means an outflow from the
    Shaft construction 3 of about 30% of the total flow. The process is completed when the mesh basket 11 has reached the lowest position and the water level in the shaft structure 3 corresponds to the underwater level. After opening of the closure 14 and the closure member 7, the phase 1 starts again.
    权利要求:
    Claims (15)
    [1]
    1. Lifting device for fish and other aquatic organisms to overcome the difference in level between the upper water and the underwater of a transverse structure in a watercourse, wherein the lifting device comprises a shaft structure (3), in which one with a top closure (2) closable upper opening (18 ), which opens into the upper water (1), and a lower opening (19) which can be closed with an underwater closure (14), which opens into the underwater (17), and in which a mesh basket (11) between a lower position and an upper position is movable, wherein a communicating with the upper water, with a shut-off valve (9) shut-off filling pipe (8) in the lower region of the shaft structure (3) opens, characterized in that between the upper water (1) and the shaft structure (3 ) further comprises a connecting pipe (4) leading to a turbine (5) and from the turbine (5) to the shaft structure (3), the E In the mouth of the connecting pipe (4) in the shaft structure (3) at least partially opposite the lower opening (19) and the connecting pipe (4) by a closure member (7) can be throttled and shut off.
    [2]
    2. Lifting device according to claim 1, characterized in that from the connecting pipe (4) downstream of the turbine (5) and in front of the closure member (7) preferably a shut-off bypass line (15) to the underwater (17) branches off.
    [3]
    3. Lifting device according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that at the junction of the connecting pipe (4) from the upper water (1) and at the junction of the connecting pipe (4) in the shaft structure (3) grid covers are attached.
    [4]
    4. Lifting device according to one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that the filling tube (8) in the shaft structure (3) opens into a diffuser (10) having a plurality of openings.
    [5]
    5. Lifting device according to claim 4, characterized in that the openings of the diffuser (10) are directed towards the bottom of the shaft structure (3) or to the side walls of the shaft structure (3).
    [6]
    6. Lifting device according to claim 4 or 5, characterized in that the diffuser (10) below the lower opening (19) of the shaft structure (3).
    [7]
    7. Lifting device according to one of claims 1 to 6, characterized in that the mesh basket (11) has a lattice-shaped upper wall (21), a grid-shaped lower wall (22) and at least one grid-shaped lateral wall (23), wherein in the lateral lattice - shaped wall (s) (23) has a swim - in opening (24) facing the lower opening (19) of the manhole structure (3) in the lower position of the lattice basket (11), and a swim - out opening (25) formed in the upper position of the mesh basket (11) of the upper opening (18) of the shaft structure (3) opposite, are provided.
    [8]
    8. Lifting device according to one of claims 1 to 7, characterized in that in the underwater (17) in front of the lower opening (19) of the shaft structure (3) a shoebox device (29) is mounted.
    [9]
    9. Lifting device according to one of claims 1 to 8, characterized in that in the underwater (17) near the lower opening (19), on the mesh basket (11) or in the lower region of the shaft structure (3) one or more sensors are mounted to to determine the amount of fish present in the mesh basket (11).
    [10]
    10. Lifting device according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the shaft structure (3) and the mesh basket (11) have a rectangular, preferably square cross-section.
    [11]
    11. Lifting device according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the hydrostatic buoyancy of the mesh basket (11) holds the same at or at the water surface in the shaft structure (3).
    [12]
    12. Lifting device according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the mesh basket (11) on one or more rails (12) in the shaft structure (3) is guided.
    [13]
    13. Lifting device according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that in the shaft structure (3) opposite the upper opening (18) has an expelling device (13, 26, 27) with a through the Einschwimmöffnung (24) of the mesh basket (11) in and through the mesh basket (11) to the Ausschwimmöffnung (25) displaceable lattice screen (26) is provided.
    [14]
    14. Lifting device according to claim 13, characterized in that the grid screen (26) at the end of a mechanically, electrically, hydraulically or pneumatically actuated rod (27) is mounted.
    [15]
    15. Lifting device according to claim 12 or 14, characterized in that around the circumference of the lattice screen (26) brushes (28) are fixed. Vienna, am



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    同族专利:
    公开号 | 公开日
    AT515291B1|2015-08-15|
    引用文献:
    公开号 | 申请日 | 公开日 | 申请人 | 专利标题
    US4431340A|1981-08-12|1984-02-14|Lakeside Engineering|Fish elevator and method of elevating fish|
    DE102016122662A1|2016-11-24|2018-05-24|Georg Baumann|Fish lift, inlet for a fish lift and method for operating a fish lift|
    法律状态:
    2021-04-15| MM01| Lapse because of not paying annual fees|Effective date: 20200805 |
    优先权:
    申请号 | 申请日 | 专利标题
    ATA621/2014A|AT515291B1|2014-08-05|2014-08-05|lifter|ATA621/2014A| AT515291B1|2014-08-05|2014-08-05|lifter|
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